IP Ratings for Industrial Machine & Status Lights

IP Ratings vs. NEMA Ratings

If you're specifying a Wash Down Stack light, Tower Light, Andon light, or CNC Machine Light, you may need to specify an IP or NEMA rating. This guide explains what each one means and provides a cross-reference chart

IP (Ingress Protection) ratings are international (IEC 60529). NEMA ratings are North American (NEMA 250). They cover similar ground but are not interchangeable certifications — a NEMA 4 enclosure is approximately IP56, but the tests and requirements differ.

IP Ratings — How to Read

An IP rating starts with "IP" followed by two digits — for example, IP65. The first digit (0–6) describes solid particle protection. The second digit (0–9K) describes liquid ingress protection. An "X" means that characteristic was not tested.

First Digit — Solid Particle Protection

Digit

Protection

Description

Typical Use

0

None

No protection

Dry, controlled indoor areas

1

≥ 50mm

Protected against hands and large objects

Basic machine enclosures

2

≥ 12.5mm

Protected against fingers

Consumer electronics, panels

3

≥ 2.5mm

Protected against tools and thick wires

Control panels, junction boxes

4

≥ 1mm

Protected against small wires, screws, and insects

Indoor lighting, enclosures

5

Dust Protected

Limited dust ingress — not enough to harm operation

Factory floors, outdoor cabinets

6

Dust Tight

Completely sealed — zero dust ingress

Harsh environments, food processing

Second Digit — Liquid Ingress Protection

Digit

Protection

Description

Typical Use

0

None

No liquid protection

Dry indoor only

1

Vertical Drip

Protected against vertical dripping water

Above condensation sources

3

Spray (60°)

Protected against water spray up to 60° from vertical

Outdoor canopies, machinery

4

Splashing

Protected against splashing from any direction

Washdown areas, food processing

5

Water Jets

Protected against 6.3mm hose jets from any direction

Industrial washdown, outdoor lights

6

Powerful Jets

Protected against 12.5mm hose jets from any direction

High-pressure washdown

7

Immersion (1m)

Temporary immersion to 1m for 30 min

Outdoor, below-grade enclosures

8

Immersion (>1m)

Continuous immersion beyond 1m (manufacturer-specified)

Submersible equipment

9K

High-Pressure Jets

High-temp, high-pressure steam/water jets (DIN 40050)

Dairy, food/bev, chemical plants

  • IP54 — Dust protected, splashing water. Good for most indoor factory environments.
  • IP65 — Dust tight Stack Light, water jet resistant. Ideal for outdoor and light washdown applications.
  • IP67 — Dust tight, temporary submersion to 1m. Wet environments and outdoor installations.
  • IP69K — Highest protection. Required for food processing, dairy, and chemical washdown.

NEMA Ratings

Our Lights use the IP rating system. However, there are similarities between the two systems. NEMA ratings (NEMA 250) are the North American standard and go further than IP ratings in some areas. In addition to dust and water, NEMA ratings also cover corrosion resistance, oil resistance, and hazardous location classifications — things IP ratings don't address.

IP vs. NEMA Cross-Reference Chart

Use this chart to translate between the two systems when comparing products or writing specifications.

NEMA Type

≈ IP Equivalent

Notes

1

IP10

Basic indoor protection. No water rating.

2

IP11

Vertical drip protection — dairies, washrooms.

3

IP54

Adds sleet/ice resistance beyond IP54. Common for outdoor panels.

3R

IP14

Omits dust protection vs. NEMA 3. Outdoor meters, junction boxes.

3X

IP54

Adds corrosion resistance — IP ratings do not cover corrosion.

4

IP56

Hose-directed water resistance. Most common for stack lights & andon lights.

4X

IP56

Same as NEMA 4 + corrosion resistance. Specify for washdown with chemicals.

5

IP52

Dust-tight, drip protection only. No outdoor use.

6

IP67

Occasional submersion. NEMA 6 = occasional; IP67 = 1m for 30 min.

6P

IP68

Prolonged submersion. IP68 depth/duration is manufacturer-specified.

12

IP52

No outdoor use. Also covers lint and fiber ingress.

13

IP54

Adds oil/coolant resistance — not addressed by IP ratings.

Note: These are engineering equivalents, not interchangeable certifications. Always verify with the manufacturer when compliance certification is required.

Which Rating Do You Need?

  • Dry indoor factory floor: IP54 or NEMA 12 — protects against dust and incidental dripping.
  • Outdoor or wet areas: IP65 or NEMA 4 — rated for rain and hose-directed water.
  • Food/chemical Washdown Light: IP69K or NEMA 4X — adds corrosion resistance for aggressive cleaning agents.
  • Hazardous locations (gas, vapor, combustible dust): NEMA 7 or NEMA 9 — always confirm Class and Group with your electrical engineer.
  • Occasional submersion: IP67 or NEMA 6. Continuous or high-depth submersion: IP68 or NEMA 6P.

Stack-Light.com

We are here to help with your industrial lighting projects. Give us a call, a live human will answer, and be happy to assist with your project.

(678) 288-9678

Back to blog